A Digital Innovation Diffusion Maturity Model for Smart Village Governance

Abstract

This study develops a digital innovation diffusion maturity model for smart village governance by examining the extent to which technological innovations in village fund management have diffused beyond administrative use to reach residents as end-users. The research addresses a critical gap in existing studies that primarily focus on administrative performance rather than community-level diffusion. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, using in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis involving key village stakeholders. The study proposes a three-tier maturity model consisting of technical-administrative maturity, public transparency maturity, and citizen participation maturity. Empirical findings reveal that Kalempang Village has achieved the first tier, where the village financial system operates effectively and meets administrative standards. However, the diffusion process has not progressed to the second and third tiers due to several structural barriers. These include limited digital literacy among village officials, unequal network infrastructure, and the absence of a public-facing information platform. As a result, residents are unable to access, verify, or participate in village financial governance processes. The study contributes a structured and diagnostic framework that enables systematic assessment of village digital maturity. This model provides practical value for policymakers and practitioners by offering a basis for designing more targeted, inclusive, and measurable smart governance interventions at the village level.